We would find that its specific gravity is 0.504 and its energy value per gallon is 91,000BTUs/gal . Raw Shrimp: What Are They, and What Does It Mean? Cookies are only used in the browser to improve user experience. ``l Uranium fuel, nuclear reactors, generation, spent fuel. FERC's regulations that included the thermal efficiency standard stated that "energy input" in the form of natural gas and oil "is to be measured by the lower heating value of the natural gas or oil." See 18 CFR 292.202(m). Calorific Value of Natural Gas (MJ/m3 and BTU/SCF). Result: You used more energy to heat your home. KUZ TS For most fuels, NHV will be about 2-5% lower than GHV. What is the heat value of natural gas? For example, if your sample has 85% methane and 15% ethane, then its heat value would be approximately 1,030 BTUs per cubic foot (or 2,860 kilojoules per cubic meter). If you already know the HHV and composition of your fuel I would apply the following: LHV = HHV - Lv_H2O (H2O_content_w + 9*H_content_w) [MJ/kg] where Lv_H2O = 2.441 MJ/kg 9 is the amount of water. There are two types of heating values: the higher heating value (HHV) and the lower heating value (LHV). LHV = H (T1-T2) / 2 where @7HyJ=E"a;C,5zJb]TkGE}t7~woo~sn|o~}yw>{{?|/_?}!as/7_}rUw_n|5M?K[;~C=~'qn!nz_{}{?zqv6QquqCs{o_yqU?Ly~/iQ/vo{}r^'7ooiO0x?z}?_o^%?~&/d:}AHirZ?lgg;SJIzhm~hvAh p[?cw8uS>eDcao FgJ i|.P5a51:B[U}[Bw!7;rAUD#hfEa%1M>13f6~U:H![#yN"sHjnlwIL} y; :kz-$&MjXEOU[}!"mn_pnw~?A{Jwj~I,nA;4MIC"F;[k`x7oA+Wok2O$p1R.^3Xs,Elf',^_o>eZs}p;"NZ(mTiZoQ9MwYo&_JaF[tNu-\E{mhIt PhY}4hNg3p(avN6RbPe /2GAga The heat value of natural gas is the amount of heat released when the gas is burned. Example: A natural gas water heater with an EF of .58 and a fuel cost of $0.00000109/therm. This gives you the molar heat of combustion, which is then multiplied by the molar mass of the fuel to give you the heating value. The GHV takes into account all of the heat released, including the latent heat of vaporization from water in the products of combustion. The energy that is released from natural gas can be used to heat homes, power businesses and generate electricity. Choose whether you want to convert to heating value or to mass/volume, and then choose the fuel type. The BTU is a measure of energy, and one BTU is equal to about 1,055 joules. where: L L L is the latent heat. Natural gas has one of the highest net heating values per unit weight or volume compared to other fossil fuels up to 1,075 British thermal units per standard cubic foot (Btu/scf). The most common type of natural gas used in North America has a heat value of around 40 MJ/m. dioxide, and helium). It depends on the country and the pipelines, so the value can differ from 34 to 52 MJ/m3 (950 to 1,050 BTU/SCF). 1 MJ/m3 = 26.83 BTU/SCF (British thermal unit / cubic foot). Required natural light and air: 8% of floor area of natural light, and 4% of floor area of air (operable window).Indiana Egress Window Code. The heating values for gaseous fuels in units of Btu/lb are calculated based on the heating values in units of Btu/scf and the corresponding fuel density values. Season factors also affect the feel of a decrease in heating value. Energy use in homes, commercial buildings, manufacturing, and transportation. In such an experiment, a stoichiometric mixture of the gas and oxygen is filled in the bomb calorimeter and then allowed to go through complete combustion. The HHV is higher than the LHV because it takes into account the latent heat of vaporization of water. where: For net BTUs, multiply the specific gravity by 0.000125 and then multiply that number by the energy value per gallon or pound. If you want read more standardized definition of the two above terminology Net calorific Value and Gross Calorific Value you can check the iso standards 6976. The average gross heating value of natural gas is approximately 1,020 British thermal units per standard cubic foot (Btu/scf), usually varying from 950 to 1,050 Btu/scf. H = Heat of combustion (kJ/kg) 1228 0 obj <>stream the standard to natural gas and oil. The heat content of natural gas might be different in various countries. Gasoline conversion calculator gallons Btu megajoules liters 1 gallon = 120,238 Btu ( based on U.S. finished motor gasoline [includes fuel ethanol content] consumption at 5.05 million Btu per barrel in 2021; preliminary) Diesel fuel and heating oil conversion calculator gallons Btu megajoules liters Please read Google Privacy & Terms for more information about how you can control adserving and the information collected. For example, in Hungary, the heat value of natural gas has an average of 34.12 MJ/M3. Natural gas mostly contains methane (91.3%), ethane (5%), propane (1.8%), butane (1%), nitrogen and carbon dioxide. The heating value of a fuel is the heat of combustion (i.e., heat released during combustion) at the reference temperature, T ref = 25C, assuming complete combustion. Raw pasta: A new way to enjoy your favorite food? These materials have been formed over millions of years from the remains of plants and animals, and they contain a lot of energy. 1 barrel of residual fuel oil = 6,287,000 Btu. As stated above, the heating value increases approximately 750 Btu for each carbon added beyond methane. Design, CMS, Hosting & Web Development :: ePublishing. Estimate the heating cost in your state, for Oil, Natural Gas, Propane, and Electricity, using a Hot Air Furnace, Boiler (standard & condensing), Air Source Clarify math tasks You can find the answer to your question in just 3 seconds with our new search engine. The higher the heating value, the more energy that is available for use. B\gG?x|/JG;sGXTwH P@\f%>1f}dT*!BlzF}A^(H?c|~O{=Ysl`t, .^/owLG_5;VxE:)|V( yD>OS0x/I2'YTr(/ hncPUFUe1 You can target the Engineering ToolBox by using AdWords Managed Placements. hk7J~,{wak3HjV. Where do hydrocarbon gas liquids come from? %%EOF How to Calculate Heating Value of Natural Gas, Infrared heaters energy use (costs, efficiency, W/sq. and cookie policy to learn more about the cookies we use and how we use your 1 BTU = 1,055 joules, 252 calories, 0.293 watt-hours, or the energy released by burning one match. In 2020, the U.S. annual average heat content of natural gas delivered to consumers was about 1,037 Btu per cubic foot. You can compare the average of fuel prices over the winter (October through March) in dollars per million Btu by dividing the average of the monthly winter prices for natural gas and for heating oil per unit of the fuels by the Btu content of the fuels in million Btu per unit. !(b2fc5jQ(&+ NPYY4Wn[jWt*575,~$s]chB=+]u2k^|6GQ'"ozN;pFa^sZ)6PHnTIj|P+gqAWl74$ &7}QUesvjvV,J^cri-kIh,Ic4j-4~~QZd #8W:=@CkCtU>7"}2SOft[_mtE";QN5sjR7g<8. This gives you the molar heat of combustion, which is then multiplied by the molar mass of the fuel to give you the heating value. We can calculate the heating value . Notes: It is the amount of heat released by a fuel when it is burned, minus the amount of heat required to bring the product of combustion back to the initial temperature of the fuel and air. 4, Add all of the products together to find the total heating value of natural gas as 876 + 108 + 38 + 100 = 1120 Btu/scf. State energy information, including overviews, rankings, data, and analyses. AddThis use cookies for handling links to social media. Some of our calculators and applications let you save application data to your local computer. 1Data source: Monthly Energy Review, May 2022, U.S. Energy Information Administration, 1000 Independence Ave., SW, Washington, DC 20585, Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS), Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS). The Tool calculates the adjusted flow rate and corresponding heat content (Btu) value of landfill gas (LFG) after adjusting a wellfield to meet the inlet specifications for RNG treatment/processing technology. These applications will - due to browser restrictions - send data between your browser and our server. This video provides a guideline on How To Calculate Heating Value of Natural Gas with some commonly found compounds. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'engineeringunits_com-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_4',126,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-engineeringunits_com-large-mobile-banner-1-0');The Gross calorific Value is the amount of heat produced by a complete combustion of specified unit of quantity of fuel at constant pressure and all the products of the combustion are cooled down to the initial temperature before the reaction. All Rights Reserved. 1 gallon of propane = 91,452 Btu. ISO 6976 (1995) Natural gas - Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe index from composition Mechanical Engineering Thermodynamics Lec 32, pt 3 of 3: Heating Values, Find the gross or higher heating value of the fuel, This is the amount of heat released when the water vapor in the combustion products is condensed to liquid form, Subtract the latent heat of vaporization of water from the gross heating value to find the net or lower heating value, This is the amount of heat released when there is no condensation of water vapor in the combustion products, Divide by 1000 to convert units from British thermal units per pound (Btu/lb) to kilocalories per gram (kcal/g). We need to find ways to generate energy without releasing these harmful gases into the atmosphere. In order to calculate the heating value of fuel, you need to know the percentage of each element in the fuel by mass. What is the Heat Value of 1 Cubic Meter of Natural Gas? We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Natural gas is a fossil fuel that consists primarily of methane, with small amounts of other hydrocarbons such as ethane and propane. Choose whether you want to convert to heating value or to mass/volume, and then choose the fuel type. The heat produced by the combustion of a fuel is called its heating value, which is equal to the value of Hcomb but of opposite sign. Engineering ToolBox - Resources, Tools and Basic Information for Engineering and Design of Technical Applications! How to Calculate Eigenvalues And Eigenvectors, How to Calculate Bundle Price Best 4 Ways to calculate, Build Your Spiritual Growth Through a Relationship with God, Calculating Crit Values for Genshin Impact Characters, How to Find Amazon Price Glitches Easy 7 Steps to Go, How to Calculate Price and Quantity Impact 4 Best Methods, Waterford Crystal Nativity Set: How to Make a Unique. the amount of heat produced by combustion a unit quantity of a fuel, all products of the combustion are cooled down to the temperature before the combustion, the water vapor formed during combustion is condensed, subtracting the latent heat of vaporization of the water vapor formed by the combustion. The heating value of a fuel is the amount of heat released during its combustion. qp = Heat of combustion at constant pressure (kJ/kg) NationalBureauofStandards Ubrar Admin.Bldg. N&a The Net Calorific Value is called also: heating value LHV, Net Calorific ValueNCV orlower calorific valueLCV. The heating value of natural gas is the amount of heat released when the gas is burned. Add standard and customized parametric components - like flange beams, lumbers, piping, stairs and more - to your Sketchup model with the Engineering ToolBox - SketchUp Extension - enabled for use with the amazing, fun and free SketchUp Make and SketchUp Pro .Add the Engineering ToolBox extension to your SketchUp from the SketchUp Pro Sketchup Extension Warehouse! The HHV takes into account the latent heat of vaporization of water in the products of combustion, while the LHV does not. It is experimentally measured using an apparatus called a bomb calorimeter. Methane is the main component of natural gas, and it has a high heating value about 50 MJ/kg. The heating values in units of MJ/kg, are converted from the heating values in units of Btu/lb. hb```6 ea.O+chXMY>vg\A> e2L4/O:4& Therefore, natural gas is an extremely flammable gas, which is odourless and colourless too. Net BTU = (0.504 x 0.000125) x 91000 = 4530BTU/gal. Visit our privacy Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Lesson plans, science fair experiments, field trips, teacher guide, and career corner. PEC8J366 NBS Referencebooknottobe 1 library, TECHNICALNOTE 299 CalculationoftheHeatingValue ofaSampleofHighPurityMethane forUseasaReferenceMaterial GeorgeT.Armstrong 4 Q Z /***"'. Regional energy information including dashboards, maps, data, and analyses. The heating value of natural gas is a measure of the amount of heat that is released when the gas is burned. Do take into account the temperature at which the calorific values are referenced as well.00:00 Introduction00:47 Part 1: How to calculate Heating Value with Excel08:15 Part 2: How to calculate Heating Value with Openlab Chemstation Intelligent ReportingCopy the following VBA code to Intelligent Report Layout for Importing Superior heating Value, Inferior heating Value and Molar Mass to Openlab Chemstation. Visit our updated, This website requires certain cookies to work and uses other cookies to help you have the best experience. When choosing between different types of fuels, its important to know which one is being referred to. We don't collect information from our users. Definition of Lower Heating Value (LHV) Although FERC regulations use lower heating value to measure a unit's energy input from natural gas and oil, the regulations do not specify a formula for calculating lower heating value. Then, you need to look up the heating values for each element on a chart and multiply them by the percentage of that element in the fuel. We don't save this data. Once you know the composition of your natural gas sample, you can use a calculator like this one to determine the heat value. Comprehensive data summaries, comparisons, analysis, and projections integrated across all energy sources. Compressibility Factor Calculator for Natural Gas. 1.4.2 Firing Practices3-5 There are three major types of boilers used for natural gas combustion in commercial, industrial, The heating value (or energy value or calorific value) of a substance, usually a fuel or food (see food energy), is the amount of heat released during the combustion of a specified amount of it.. We use different physical units to measure different types of energy or fuels: To compare fuels with each other, we need to convert their measurements to the same units. Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions at the State Level, through 2018, Monthly Crude Oil and Natural Gas Production, Annual Solar Photovoltaic Module Shipments Report, Midwest and Rocky Mountain Transportation Fuels Markets, East Coast and Gulf Coast Transportation Fuels Markets. BTU is often used as a point of reference for comparing . Higher Heating Values mean that more energy can be extracted from a given quantity of natural gas, and this usually results in a higher price for the gas. !.R5N4S* % When applied to fuel, it measures the amount of heat that is released when the fuel is burned. Btu = British thermal units; scf = standard cubic feet. Also the solid fuels will have a similar quality variation for the different classes of fuel. By visiting How the calorific value (CV) of gas is calculated and how we determine the amount of energy transported by shippers and suppliers, which is used to bill gas consumers. . Natural gas is mostly methane (CH4), but it also contains small amounts of other gases like ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10), and pentanes (C5H12). The British Thermal Unit, or BTU, is an energy unit. Does EIA have forecasts or projections for energy production, consumption, and prices for individual states? How to Calculate Heating Value of Natural Gas | Openlab Chemstation Intelligent Reporting, Find the composition of the natural gas by percentage, The typical composition of natural gas is approximately 85% methane, 10% ethane, 3% propane and 2% butane, Look up the heating value for each component in British Thermal Units per standard cubic foot (Btu/scf), The heating values for methane, ethane, propane and butane are respectively 1,031 Btu/scf, 1,075 Btu/scf, 1,265 Btu/sf and 2,488 Btu/sf, Multiply each components percentage by its heating value to find the total heating value of the natural gas sample, For example: 85% x 1,031 = 876 + 10% x 1,075 = 108 + 3% x 1 ,265 = 38 + 2% x 2 , 488 = 100 If you want to promote your products or services in the Engineering ToolBox - please use Google Adwords. The heating value of a sample of natural gas is very easy to determine if you have the right equipment and standards in place. See Heat of combustion for examples of calculation of gross heating values from standard heat of formation of substances. You can convert the natural gas and heating oil consumption data into Btu to determine which home used more energy for heating. Because energy used in different countries comes from different places, Btu content of fuels varies slightly from country to country. 1.4.2 Firing Practices3-5 There are three major types of boilers used for natural gas combustion in commercial, industrial, and utility applications . Natural gas has a high heating value, which makes it an efficient fuel for heating homes and businesses. there can be significant differences in heating value of natural gas based on geography, pipeline characteristics, time of year vitually all sales of natural gas both wholesale and . Common Units Common units for heating value: 1 Btu/lb = 2326.1 J/kg = 0.55556 kcal/kg 1 J/kg = 0.00043 Btu/lb = 2.39x10-4kcal/kg 1 kcal/kg = 1.80 Btu/lb = 4187 J/kg The price is not set by the quantity of natural gas, but the quality and the heating value will determine how much an individual (or a country) will pay for this fuel. By closing this message or continuing to use our site, you agree to the use of cookies. When water vapor is the product, it is called the lower (or net) heating value (LHV). 1 Btu (IT)/lb = 2.3278 MJ/t = 2327.8 J/kg = 0.55598 kcal/kg = 0.000646 kWh/kg. Greenhouse gas data, voluntary reporting, electric power plant emissions. Maps, tools, and resources related to energy disruptions and infrastructure. 1.1 This practice covers procedures for calculating heating value, relative density, and compressibility factor at base conditions (14.696 psia and 60F (15.6C)) for natural gas mixtures from compositional analysis. The net or lower heating value is obtained by subtracting the latent heat of vaporization of the water vapor formed by the combustion from the gross or higher heating value. Use our online Natural Gas Calorific Value Calculator for SI unit or field unit. Ash also reduces the heating value because it does not contribute to combustion and actually absorbs some heat during combustion. You and your neighbor want to compare the price of the What is the heat value of natural gas? (Note that many factors affect the amount of energy a household actually uses for heating, and fuel heat content may vary among locations and suppliers.). It is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit. To calculate gross BTUs, simply multiply together the specific gravity and energy value figures without performing any further calculations.. [6] Coal characteristics assumed by GREET for electric power production. We don't save this data. Read More. Natural gas has a high heating value, which makes it an efficient fuel for home heating and other uses. There are two types of BTUs net and gross. AddThis use cookies for handling links to social media. o 1* \T Q USDEPARTMENTOFCOMMERCE NationalBureauofStandards Coal characteristics assumed by GREET for hydrogen and Fischer-Tropsch diesel production. Continue with Recommended Cookies, Use our online Natural Gas Calorific Value Calculator based on the ISO 6976 (2016) Natural gas Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe index from composition. The HHV figure for liquid hydrogen in Btu/gal is based on personal communication with Ye Wu of Argonne National Laboratory. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'engineeringunits_com-large-mobile-banner-2','ezslot_7',122,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-engineeringunits_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0');The Net calorific Value is the amount of heat produced by a complete combustion of specified unit of quantity of fuel at constant pressure and all the products of the combustion are cooled down to the initial temperature before the reaction. The heating value of natural gas varies depending on the composition of the gas, but it typically ranges from 950 to 1,050 British Thermal Units (BTUs) per cubic foot. How Do You Calculate the Heat Value of Natural Gas? These gases contribute to climate change and air pollution. Natural gas is composed of methane, which is a molecule that contains carbon and hydrogen atoms. hv = qp + qs qw ---------------------------------------------------------------Public Function parameter_link() as string parameter_link = \"C:\\Users\\dell\\Desktop\\Calorific Values.txt\"End functionPublic Function getparameter(compound_name as string) as object Dim comp_name(11) as string ' Numbers of compounds comp_name(0) = \"Hexane\" comp_name(1) = \"Carbon dioxide\" comp_name(2) = \"i-Butane\" comp_name(3) = \"n-Butane\" comp_name(4) = \"i-Pentane\" comp_name(5) = \"n-Pentane\" comp_name(6) = \"Ethane\" comp_name(7) = \"Propane\" comp_name(8) = \"Oxygen\" comp_name(9) = \"Nitrogen\" comp_name(10) = \"Methane\" Dim i as integer For i = 1 to 11 ' Numbers of compounds Select case compound_name Case is = comp_name(i-1) getparameter = System.IO.File.ReadAllLines(parameter_link())(i) End select Next iEnd functionFunction CV_Superior(compound_name as string) as single CV_Superior = val(choose(2, split(getparameter(compound_name), \";\")))End functionFunction CV_Inferior(compound_name as string) as single CV_Inferior = val(choose(3, split(getparameter(compound_name), \";\")))End functionFunction MW(compound_name as string) as single MW = val(choose(4, split(getparameter(compound_name), \";\")))End function ----------------------------------------------------------------------------Learn more about Openlab Chemstation Intelligent Reporting herehttps://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLaYUUU64uRTm3O4AWpG1m7nvyMXqeuyQbUseful skills in GC Troubleshooting Serieshttps://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLaYUUU64uRTm3O4AWpG1m7nvyMXqeuyQbTips and Tricks for GC Operationhttps://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLaYUUU64uRTlMPElafU9KA08ciJ8qZQDj ----------------------------------------------------------------------------Subscribe to my channel to get the full access to my 8+ years of GC experiencehttps://bit.ly/3321KiEReach me at triplettt1719@gmail.com for private consultation ----------------------------------------------------------------------------Gears and Tools using:Openlab Chemstation version: C.01.10TubeBuddy for Keyword searching and SEOhttps://www.tubebuddy.com/learningbydoingwithpetertranBandicam and Bandicut for screen recorder and video edittinghttps://www.bandicam.com/QuietComfort 35 wireless headphones II (Bose) as Microphonehttps://amzn.to/2GirEaV The higher heating value (also known gross calorific value or gross energy) of a fuel is defined as the amount of heat released by a specified quantity (initially at 25C) once it is combusted and the products have returned to a temperature of 25C, which takes into account the latent heat of vaporization of water in the combustion products. Price of 1 m3 natural gas = volume (m3) x heat value (MJ/m3) x price (Currency/MJ) x VAT. For just one phase, you'll have a single number, but otherwise, there's going to . The calorific value is the total energy released as heat when a substance undergoes complete combustion with oxygen under standard conditions.The chemical reaction is typically a hydrocarbon or other . This value is the higher heating value (HHV). If you want to promote your products or services in the Engineering ToolBox - please use Google Adwords. LHV(MJ/kg) = -428 + 3528*C + 2240*H 6320*O [1] Heating values vary depending upon the source of the gas. Our Heating Cost Calculator uses THERMS to estimate the cost of heating with natural gas. To calculate HHV, start with the LHV and add on the latent heat of vaporization for any water vapor produced during combustion: The Heating Value of Natural Gas varies depending on the composition of the gas, but it is typically between 35 and 55 MJ/kg. calculate and use these natural gas properties is crucial to reservoir, production, and natural gas process engineering. We don't collect information from our users. The Hcomb of one mole of methane at 298.15 K is the heat of reaction between CH4 and O2 to form CO2 and H2O, according to Equation 1.Table 1 shows values of Hformation of several natural gas reactants and products.Equations 2 and 3 show the calculation for Hreax of methane from these values.CH4 + 2O2 . Tools to customize searches, view specific data sets, study detailed documentation, and access time-series data. 1 gallon of heating oil (with sulfur content at 15 to 500 parts per million) = 138,500 Btu. It is approximately the energy needed to heat one pound of water by 1 degree Fahrenheit. When calculating the heating value of a fuel, the amount of heat released by combustion is divided by the total number of moles of oxygen required for combustion. This can be expressed in British thermal units (BTUs) or in calories. Monthly and yearly energy forecasts, analysis of energy topics, financial analysis, congressional reports. Short, timely articles with graphics on energy, facts, issues, and trends. You can use this calculator to obtain the heating value of a given mass or volume of hydrogen or other fuels, or to calculate the mass or volume given a certain heating value. Fuels with a high calorific value are said to be high-energy fuels. Your neighbor has a furnace that burns heating oil that used 500 gallons of heating oil last winter. The heating values for liquid fuels in units of Btu/lb are calculated based on heating values in unit of Btu/gal and the corresponding fuels density values. all the combustion products remain in gaseous state including the water vapor produced during the combustion is condensed. Its an important number for businesses and homeowners alike because it allows you to understand how much energy youre using and how much it will cost to heat your home or office. Has additive manufacturing had any impact on your business? The calculation is demonstrated using both Excel and Openlab Chemstation Intelligent Reporting. You need to know or convert the unit cost of electricity by kilowatt-hour (kWh). One calorie is also equal to about 4,184 joules. The lower heating value (also known as net calorific value) of a fuel is defined as the amount of heat released by combusting a specified quantity (initially at 25C) and returning the temperature of the combustion products to 150C, which assumes the latent heat of vaporization of water in the reaction products is not recovered. The gross BTU figure represents the total heat released from burning a given type of fuel including any latent (hidden) heat due to vaporization. However, the scale is not that wide: natural gas producers must meet a lot of quality criteria and parameters before exporting their product. However, since every gas company uses their own units of calculating your cost of gas, it is important that you provide the correct unit cost, to get an accurate estimate. Reserves, production, prices, employment and productivity, distribution, stocks, imports and exports. It also contains hydrogen sulfide and helium in a very little amount. This calculator is designed to calculate the following for natural gas and other combustible gases : Gross Calorific Value Net Calorific Value Molar Mass Molar Volume Definition of Gross Calorific Value The Gross Calorific Value is called also: Higher Calorific Value HCV, Gross Calorific Value - GCV, Higher Heating Value HHV. Energy & Financial Markets: What Drives Crude Oil Prices?

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